Pulmonary edema is a condition characterized by an accumulation of excess fluid in the lungs. This fluid can collect in the many air sacs in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe. Pulmonary edema is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention to prevent complications and ensure proper treatment.
Pulmonary embolism is a medical emergency that occurs when a blood clot forms in the deep veins of the body and travels to the lungs, blocking blood flow and preventing oxygen from reaching the body's vital organs. This condition can be life-threatening if left untreated, but prompt treatment can greatly reduce the risk of death.
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and progressive lung disease that occurs when lung tissue becomes damaged and scarred. This scarring leads to the formation of thickened, stiff tissue that makes it difficult for the lungs to function properly. The disease worsens over time, with some people experiencing a stable course while others may experience a more rapid decline in lung function.
Pulmonary hypertension is a type of high blood pressure that affects the arteries in the lungs and the right side of the heart. It is a serious condition that requires immediate medical attention. In this article, we will discuss the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and prevention strategies for pulmonary hypertension.
Pulmonary valve disease is a condition that affects the valve between the heart's lower right chamber and the pulmonary artery. The pulmonary valve is responsible for regulating blood flow from the heart to the lungs. In pulmonary valve disease, the valve doesn't work properly, which can lead to changes in blood flow and potentially life-threatening complications.
Pyloric stenosis is a rare condition in infants that affects the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine. It is characterized by the thickening and enlargement of the muscular valve between the stomach and small intestine, known as the pylorus valve. This blockage can lead to severe symptoms, including forceful vomiting, dehydration, and weight loss.
Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare and chronic condition that causes large, painful sores (ulcers) to develop on the skin, most often on the legs. The exact causes of pyoderma gangrenosum are unknown, but it appears to be a disorder of the immune system. People who have certain underlying conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease or arthritis, are at higher risk of developing pyoderma gangrenosum.
Rabies is a deadly viral disease that affects the central nervous system of mammals, including humans. The virus is usually transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, typically through a bite. Rabies is a serious public health concern worldwide, with an estimated 59,000 deaths occurring each year. In the United States, bats are the most common carriers of rabies, followed by coyotes, foxes, raccoons, and skunks. In developing countries, stray dogs are the primary source of transmission.
Radiation enteritis is a common side effect of radiation therapy that occurs when the intestines are exposed to high levels of radiation. This condition can cause a range of symptoms, including diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and stomach cramps. Radiation enteritis is most common in people receiving radiation therapy for cancer in the abdomen and pelvic areas.
Radiation sickness is a serious and potentially fatal condition caused by the exposure of the body to a large dose of radiation over a short period of time. This condition is also known as acute radiation syndrome (ARS) or radiation poisoning. Radiation sickness is not caused by common medical imaging tests that use low-dose radiation, such as X-rays, CT scans, and nuclear medicine scans.
Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a rare and complex condition that occurs when the virus that causes chickenpox, also known as varicella-zoster, reactivates and affects the facial nerve near one of your ears. This condition is also known as herpes zoster oticus. The symptoms of Ramsay Hunt syndrome can include a painful shingles rash, facial paralysis, and hearing loss in the affected ear.
Raynaud's disease is a condition that affects the blood vessels in the body, causing them to narrow or constrict in response to cold temperatures or stress. This narrowing of the blood vessels can lead to a decrease in blood flow to the affected areas, causing numbness and coldness in the fingers and toes.
Reactive arthritis is a condition that causes joint pain and swelling in response to an infection in another part of the body. This condition is also known as Reiter's syndrome. It is not a common condition and usually affects the knees, ankles, and feet. Inflammation can also affect the eyes, skin, and the tube that carries urine out of the body (urethra).
Reactive attachment disorder is a rare but serious condition that affects infants and young children. It is characterized by a lack of healthy attachment with caregivers, which can lead to social and emotional difficulties later in life. Reactive attachment disorder may develop if the child's basic needs for comfort, affection, and nurturing are not met.
Rectal cancer is a type of cancer that starts in the rectum, the last several inches of the large intestine. It is a type of colorectal cancer, which also includes cancer in the colon. Rectal cancer is a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, prevention strategies, and treatment options for rectal cancer.
Rectal prolapse is a condition where part of the large intestine's lowest section, the rectum, slips outside the muscular opening at the end of the digestive tract known as the anus. While rectal prolapse may cause discomfort and pain, it is rarely a medical emergency. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, prevention strategies, and treatment options for rectal prolapse.
A rectovaginal fistula is a condition where a connection forms between the lower part of the large intestine (rectum or anus) and the vagina. This abnormal connection allows bowel contents to leak through, causing gas or stool to pass through the vagina. A rectovaginal fistula can cause significant physical and emotional distress, impacting daily life and relationships.
Recurrent breast cancer is a type of breast cancer that returns after initial treatment. Although the initial treatment is aimed at eliminating all cancer cells, a few may have evaded treatment and survived. These undetected cancer cells multiply, becoming recurrent breast cancer.
Recurrent breast cancer can occur months or years after initial treatment, and it may come back in the same place as the original cancer (local recurrence) or spread to other areas of the body (distant recurrence).
Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder is a sleep disorder characterized by the physical acting out of vivid dreams, often accompanied by vocal sounds and sudden movements during REM sleep. This condition is also known as dream-enacting behavior.
During REM sleep, the brain is active, and most people experience vivid dreams. However, in individuals with REM sleep behavior disorder, the brain's ability to regulate muscle tone is impaired, leading to the physical acting out of these dreams. This can result in complex and often violent movements, including talking, screaming, and even physical attacks.
Renal artery stenosis is a condition characterized by the narrowing of one or more arteries that carry blood to the kidneys. This narrowing of the arteries prevents adequate oxygen-rich blood from reaching the kidneys, leading to a range of complications. The kidneys play a crucial role in filtering waste products and removing excess fluids from the body, and reduced blood flow can lead to injury to kidney tissue and increased blood pressure.
Residual limb pain, also known as stump pain, is a type of pain that occurs in the remaining part of a limb after an amputation. It is a common condition that affects approximately half of individuals who have undergone an amputation. Residual limb pain can occur soon after surgery, often within the first week, and may persist beyond the healing process. While it is not typically severe, it can be uncomfortable and affect a person's quality of life.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a highly contagious virus that causes infections of the lungs and respiratory tract. It is so common that most children have been infected with the virus by age 2. While RSV can infect adults as well, it is more severe in certain groups, including babies under 12 months, premature infants, older adults, people with heart and lung disease, and those with weakened immune systems.
Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a chronic neurological disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, RLS is characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs, often due to an uncomfortable sensation or feeling. This condition typically occurs in the evening or at night, when individuals are sitting or lying down, and can significantly disrupt sleep patterns.
Retinal detachment is a medical emergency that occurs when the retina, a thin layer of tissue at the back of the eye, pulls away from its normal position. This separation can lead to permanent vision loss if left untreated. The retina is responsible for converting light into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain, allowing us to see. When the retina detaches, the retinal cells are no longer nourished by the blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients.
Retinal diseases are a group of conditions that affect the retina, a thin layer of tissue on the inside back wall of the eye. The retina contains millions of light-sensitive cells, called rods and cones, and other nerve cells that receive and organize visual information. The retina sends this information to the brain through the optic nerve, enabling us to see. Retinal diseases can vary widely in terms of their causes, symptoms, and treatment options.
Retinoblastoma is a rare and aggressive form of eye cancer that affects young children, usually diagnosed before the age of 2. It is a type of cancer that originates in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. In this article, we will delve into the types, causes, risk factors, symptoms, prevention, complications, diagnosis, treatment, and management of retinoblastoma.
A retractile testicle is a condition where the testicle may move back and forth between the scrotum and the groin. This condition is more common in boys and usually resolves on its own during puberty. However, in some cases, the testicle may remain in the groin and become an ascending testicle or an acquired undescended testicle.
Rett syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects the way the brain develops, primarily affecting females. It is characterized by a progressive loss of motor skills and language, as well as the development of unusual hand movements and other neurological and developmental problems.
Reye's syndrome is a rare and life-threatening condition that causes swelling in the liver and brain. It can occur at any age, but it is most common in children and teenagers who have recently had a viral infection, such as the flu or chickenpox. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial in saving a child's life.
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a rare and aggressive form of cancer that originates from the soft tissue of the body. It is a type of sarcoma, which is a cancer that develops in the connective tissue, such as muscle, fat, or bone. Rhabdomyosarcoma is more common in children and adolescents, but it can also occur in adults.
Rheumatic fever is an inflammatory disease that can develop when strep throat or scarlet fever is not properly treated. It is a serious condition that can cause long-lasting heart damage, including heart valve problems and heart failure. Rheumatic fever is a rare disease in the United States and other developed countries, but it can affect anyone, regardless of age or background.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can affect more than just your joints. It is a debilitating condition that can cause significant pain, stiffness, and swelling in the joints, as well as damage to other body systems. In some cases, RA can lead to serious complications, such as heart disease, lung disease, and eye problems.
Rickets is a condition that affects the growth and development of children's bones, causing them to become soft and weak. This condition is usually caused by a severe and prolonged deficiency of vitamin D, which is essential for the absorption of calcium and phosphorus from food. In this article, we will delve into the causes, symptoms, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of rickets, as well as provide guidance on when to seek medical attention.
Rosacea is a chronic skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by persistent redness and flushing on the face, which can be accompanied by acne-like symptoms, visible blood vessels, and skin thickening. While there is no cure for rosacea, it is possible to manage and control its symptoms with the right treatment approach.
The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint, providing stability and mobility to the arm. A rotator cuff injury can occur due to various factors, including age, repetitive strain, and traumatic events. Symptoms of a rotator cuff injury can range from mild discomfort to severe pain and limited mobility.
Rotavirus is a highly contagious virus that causes diarrhea, which is a common illness in children and adults worldwide. Before the development of a vaccine, most children had been infected with the virus at least once by age 5. Although rotavirus infections are unpleasant, they can usually be treated at home with extra fluids to prevent dehydration. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to receive fluids through a vein.
Rubella, also known as German measles or three-day measles, is a contagious viral infection that is characterized by a distinctive red rash. While it is often referred to as a "mild" illness, rubella can cause serious problems for unborn babies whose mothers become infected during pregnancy.
Rumination syndrome is a condition in which someone repeatedly regurgitates undigested or partially digested food from the stomach. This process occurs without any effort or intention, and the regurgitated food is then chewed again and swallowed or spit out. Rumination syndrome is often misunderstood as a form of self-induced vomiting, but it is a distinct condition that requires attention and treatment.
A ruptured eardrum, also known as a tympanic membrane perforation, is a hole or tear in the thin tissue that separates the ear canal from the middle ear (eardrum). This condition can cause hearing loss, middle ear infections, and other complications. In most cases, a ruptured eardrum heals on its own within a few weeks, but in some cases, it may require treatment to heal.
A ruptured spleen is a medical emergency that occurs when the surface of the spleen breaks, causing internal bleeding and potentially life-threatening complications. The spleen, located just under the rib cage on the left side of the body, plays a vital role in the body's defense against infection and filtering out old blood cells from the bloodstream.
A sacral dimple is a small indentation or pit in the skin on the lower back that is present at birth in some babies. It is usually located just above the crease between the buttocks and is a common birthmark. Most sacral dimples are harmless and do not require treatment.
Sacroiliitis is a painful condition that affects one or both sacroiliac joints, which are located where the lower spine and pelvis meet. It is characterized by pain and stiffness in the buttocks or lower back, and the pain can radiate down one or both legs. The condition can be challenging to diagnose, as it may be mistaken for other causes of low back pain.
Salivary gland tumors are growths of cells that start in the salivary glands. These glands are responsible for producing saliva, which plays a crucial role in digestion, mouth moisture, and oral health. Salivary gland tumors are rare, but they can have a significant impact on a person's quality of life.
Salmonella infection, also known as salmonellosis, is a common bacterial disease that affects the intestinal tract. Salmonella bacteria typically live in animal and human intestines and are shed through stool (feces). Humans become infected most frequently through contaminated water or food.
Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the growth of tiny collections of inflammatory cells (granulomas) in any part of the body. Despite its prevalence, the exact cause of sarcoidosis remains unknown, leaving researchers and healthcare providers alike to continue searching for answers. The disease can affect various organs, including the lungs, lymph nodes, eyes, skin, and heart, among others.
Sarcoma is a type of cancer that affects various parts of the body, including the bones and soft tissues. Soft tissue sarcoma, in particular, forms in the connective tissues that support and surround other body structures, such as muscles, fat, blood vessels, nerves, tendons, and joints. With over 70 types of sarcoma, understanding the complexities of this disease is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment.
Scabies is a contagious skin rash caused by the tiny burrowing mite, Sarcoptes scabiei. The mite's burrowing activity causes intense itching, which is often worse at night. Scabies spreads quickly through close person-to-person contact, making it essential to treat the entire family or close contacts.
Scarlet fever, also known as scarlatina, is a bacterial illness that develops in some people who have strep throat. The disease is characterized by a bright red rash that covers most of the body, accompanied by a sore throat and high fever.
Schizoaffective disorder is a mental health condition that is characterized by a mix of symptoms of schizophrenia and mood disorders. It is a serious condition that can affect an individual's ability to think, feel, and act in a normal manner. The condition is marked by hallucinations, delusions, depression, mania, and hypomania, which can vary in severity and frequency.
Schizoid personality disorder is a mental health condition characterized by a pervasive pattern of social detachment, emotional aloofness, and a lack of interest in forming relationships with others. Individuals with schizoid personality disorder tend to be isolated and withdrawn, and may appear to be unresponsive or unemotional to others. This condition is distinct from schizophrenia, a serious mental illness characterized by hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking.
Schizophrenia is a serious mental health condition that affects how people think, feel, and behave. It is a chronic illness that can cause a range of symptoms, including hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking and behavior. Schizophrenia is a complex condition that can have a significant impact on an individual's daily life, making it difficult to maintain relationships, work, and participate in daily activities.
Schwannomatosis is a rare condition that results in the growth of slow-growing tumors on nerve tissue. These tumors can occur on nerves in the ears, brain, spine, and eyes, as well as on peripheral nerves located outside of the brain and spinal cord. Schwannomatosis is usually diagnosed in early adulthood and is characterized by the presence of multiple benign tumors, known as schwannomas.
Sciatica is a common condition that affects millions of people worldwide, causing pain, numbness, and tingling sensations that radiate from the lower back to the legs. The sciatic nerve is the longest nerve in the body, extending from the lower back to the legs, and is responsible for transmitting signals from the brain to the muscles and organs. Sciatica occurs when the sciatic nerve is compressed or irritated, resulting in pain, discomfort, and limited mobility.
Scleroderma is a rare and complex group of autoimmune diseases that affect the skin and internal organs. The disease is characterized by the hardening and tightening of the skin, as well as problems in the blood vessels, internal organs, and digestive tract. Scleroderma can be categorized into two main types: limited and diffuse, which refers to the degree of skin involvement. Both types can cause symptoms in other areas of the body, including the blood vessels, internal organs, and digestive tract.
Sclerosing mesenteritis is a rare and complex condition that affects the mesentery, a tissue that holds the small intestines in place. The condition is characterized by inflammation and the formation of scar tissue, which can lead to a range of symptoms and complications. Despite its rarity, sclerosing mesenteritis can have a significant impact on quality of life, and it is essential to understand the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for this condition.
Scoliosis is a condition characterized by a sideways curvature of the spine, which can occur in people of all ages. However, it is most commonly diagnosed in adolescents. While scoliosis can occur in individuals with certain conditions, such as cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy, the cause of most childhood scoliosis is not known.
Scorpion stings are a common occurrence in the southwestern United States, particularly in areas where the bark scorpion is prevalent. While scorpion stings are painful, they rarely require treatment for healthy adults. However, young children and older adults are at a higher risk of developing serious complications.
Scrotal masses are lumps or swelling in the scrotum, the bag of skin that holds the testicles. These masses can be benign or cancerous, and it's essential to get them checked by a healthcare professional, even if you don't have pain or other symptoms.
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that's related to changes in seasons. It's a condition that affects millions of people worldwide, causing feelings of sadness, lethargy, and hopelessness during the winter months. While it's often referred to as the "winter blues," SAD is a serious condition that can have a significant impact on daily life.
Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare and aggressive type of skin cancer that originates in the oil glands of the skin. It is a type of cutaneous carcinoma that can occur anywhere on the body, but it most commonly affects the eyelids. Sebaceous carcinoma can grow rapidly and spread to other parts of the body, making it a serious condition that requires prompt medical attention.
Seborrheic dermatitis is a common skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a chronic condition that causes scaly patches, inflamed skin, and stubborn dandruff. While it can be irritating and uncomfortable, it is not contagious and does not cause permanent hair loss.
Seborrheic keratoses are a type of benign skin growth that affects millions of people worldwide. They are usually brown, black, or light tan in color and appear as waxy or scaly lesions that are slightly raised above the skin surface. These growths tend to appear gradually, often on the face, neck, chest, or back, and become more common with age.
A seizure is a sudden, uncontrolled burst of electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in behavior, movements, feelings, and levels of consciousness. Seizures are a common neurological disorder that can affect people of all ages, and having two or more seizures at least 24 hours apart that don't have a known cause is considered to be epilepsy.
Selective IgA deficiency is a rare immune system disorder that affects the production of immunoglobulin A (IgA), a type of antibody that plays a crucial role in fighting infections and diseases. In individuals with selective IgA deficiency, the immune system produces typical levels of other immunoglobulins, but fails to produce IgA.
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a complex and harmful behavior that involves intentionally causing harm to one's own body. This can include self-cutting, burning, or other forms of self-harm. While NSSI is not a suicide attempt, it can have serious and long-lasting consequences for the individual's mental and physical health.
Separation anxiety is a common phenomenon in infants and toddlers, where they experience anxiety or distress when they are separated from their primary caregivers. This is a normal phase of development, and most children outgrow it by the age of 2-3 years. However, in some cases, separation anxiety can be a sign of a more serious condition known as separation anxiety disorder.
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body's response to an infection becomes uncontrolled and causes widespread inflammation. This can lead to organ dysfunction, failure, and even death. Early recognition and treatment of sepsis are crucial to improving survival rates.
Serotonin syndrome is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the body is exposed to excessive levels of serotonin. This can happen when medications that increase serotonin levels are taken together or when a person is prescribed a new medication that interacts with other medications. The symptoms of serotonin syndrome can range from mild to severe and can be treated if diagnosed promptly.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a contagious and sometimes fatal respiratory illness that was first identified in China in November 2002. The virus, caused by the SARS-CoV virus, spread rapidly worldwide, infecting over 8,000 people and causing nearly 800 deaths. The rapid spread of SARS was a global health crisis, highlighting the importance of international collaboration and swift action in responding to infectious disease outbreaks.
Sex headaches are a rare but unusual condition that can occur during sexual activity. While most sex headaches are not a cause for concern, some can be a sign of a more serious underlying condition. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of sex headaches.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a significant public health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide. STDs are caused by sexually transmitted infections (STIs), which are spread mainly through sexual contact. In this article, we will delve into the world of STDs, exploring the types, causes, risk factors, symptoms, prevention, complications, diagnosis, and treatment options.
Shaken baby syndrome is a serious and potentially life-threatening form of child abuse that occurs when an infant or toddler is forcefully shaken, causing their brain to be injured and leading to long-term damage or even death. This traumatic injury can occur when a caregiver becomes frustrated or overwhelmed, and in a moment of anger, shakes the child in an attempt to calm them down.
Shigella infection, also known as shigellosis, is a contagious and potentially life-threatening intestinal disease caused by the Shigella family of bacteria. The primary symptom of shigella infection is diarrhea, which often is bloody. Shigella is highly contagious and can be spread through direct contact with an infected person's stool, contaminated food or water, or by touching contaminated surfaces.
Shin splints, also known as medial tibial stress syndrome, are a common condition that affects athletes who engage in high-impact activities such as running, dancing, and military training. The condition is characterized by pain and inflammation along the shin bone (tibia) in the lower leg.
Shingles, also known as herpes zoster, is a viral infection that causes a painful rash. It typically appears as a single stripe of blisters that wraps around one side of the torso, often on the left or right side. Shingles is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is the same virus that causes chickenpox. Once you've had chickenpox, the virus remains in your body for the rest of your life, and can reactivate as shingles years later.
Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is a condition where the body is unable to absorb sufficient nutrients from food due to a partial or complete loss of the small intestine. The small intestine is responsible for the majority of nutrient absorption during digestion, and its absence or damage can lead to severe malnutrition and other complications.
Sick sinus syndrome is a type of heart rhythm disorder that affects the heart's natural pacemaker, known as the sinus node. The sinus node is responsible for controlling the heartbeat, and when it is affected by sick sinus syndrome, it can lead to slow heartbeats, pauses, or irregular heartbeats. This condition is relatively uncommon, but the risk of developing it increases with age.
Sickle cell anemia is a group of inherited disorders that affects the shape of red blood cells, which carry oxygen to all parts of the body. The disease is characterized by the presence of abnormal hemoglobin, which causes the red blood cells to become rigid and sticky, leading to episodes of pain, swelling, and organ damage.
Sinus headaches are a common condition that can be caused by a variety of factors, including sinusitis, allergies, and migraines. However, many people may misdiagnose their symptoms, leading to improper treatment and prolonged suffering.
Sjogren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the mucous membranes and moisture-secreting glands of the eyes and mouth, leading to dry eyes and a dry mouth. The condition often accompanies other immune system disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, and can have a significant impact on daily life.
Skin cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells, most often developing on skin exposed to the sun. However, it can also occur on areas of the skin not typically exposed to sunlight. As the most common type of cancer, skin cancer is a serious health concern that requires early detection and treatment.
Sleep apnea is a potentially serious sleep disorder that occurs when a person's breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. If you snore loudly and feel tired even after a full night's sleep, you might have sleep apnea. This condition can significantly impact an individual's quality of life, causing fatigue, difficulty concentrating, and mood disturbances.
Sleep disorders are conditions that affect the way we sleep, leading to changes in our sleep patterns, quality, and overall health. Sleep disorders can have a significant impact on our daily lives, making it difficult to perform daily tasks, work, and maintain relationships. In this article, we will explore the different types of sleep disorders, their causes, symptoms, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management.
Sleep terrors, also known as night terrors, are episodes of intense fear, screaming, and sometimes physical movements such as waving arms and legs while not fully awake. This parasomnia is a common phenomenon that can occur in children and adults, although it is more frequent in children between the ages of 1 and 12 years. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of sleep terrors.
Sleepwalking, also known as somnambulism, is a condition where people get up and walk around while they are asleep. It is a common phenomenon that can occur in both children and adults, although it is more prevalent in children. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of sleepwalking.
Small bowel cancer, also known as small intestine cancer, is a rare and aggressive type of cancer that starts as a growth of cells in the small intestine. The small intestine, also called the small bowel, is a long tube that carries digested food between the stomach and the large intestine. In this article, we will explore the causes, symptoms, prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and management of small bowel cancer.
Small bowel prolapse, also known as enterocele, is a condition where the small intestine (small bowel) descends into the lower pelvic cavity and pushes at the top part of the vagina, creating a bulge. This condition is characterized by a weakness in the muscles and ligaments that support pelvic organs, making it more likely to occur in women who have undergone childbirth, are aging, or have other conditions that put pressure on the pelvic floor.
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a condition where there is an abnormal increase in the overall bacterial population in the small intestine, particularly types of bacteria not commonly found in that part of the digestive tract. This condition is also known as blind loop syndrome. SIBO is a complication that can occur when surgery or disease slows down the passage of food and waste products in the digestive tract, creating a breeding ground for bacteria.
Small vessel disease is a condition in which the walls of the small arteries in the heart fail to function properly, leading to a reduction in the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the heart. This can cause a range of symptoms, including chest pain, shortness of breath, and other signs of heart disease.
Smallpox is a serious and often deadly viral infection that has been a major public health concern for thousands of years. It is a contagious disease, meaning it can spread from person to person, and can cause permanent scarring and disfigurement. The good news is that thanks to the widespread use of smallpox vaccines, the disease was wiped out worldwide by 1980.
Snoring is a common phenomenon that affects millions of people worldwide. It is a hoarse or harsh sound that occurs when air flows past relaxed tissues in the throat, causing the tissues to vibrate as you breathe. While snoring is a normal occurrence for some people, it can be a chronic problem for others. In some cases, snoring can also indicate a serious health condition.
Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is a chronic mental health condition that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by excessive and persistent fear of social or performance situations in which the person is exposed to possible scrutiny by others. This fear leads to significant anxiety, self-consciousness, and embarrassment, causing individuals to avoid these situations altogether.
Soft palate cancer, also known as squamous cell carcinoma of the soft palate, is a rare type of cancer that affects the soft palate, a part of the back of the mouth located behind the teeth. Soft palate cancer is considered a type of throat cancer and is treated similarly to other types of throat cancers. In this article, we will delve into the causes, symptoms, risk factors, prevention, complications, diagnosis, and treatment options for soft palate cancer.
Soft tissue sarcoma is a rare and complex type of cancer that affects the soft tissues of the body. These soft tissues connect, support, and surround other body structures, including muscles, fat, blood vessels, nerves, tendons, and the linings of the joints. Soft tissue sarcoma can occur anywhere in the body, but it is most common in the arms, legs, and belly.
Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is a rare and poorly understood disorder that affects the rectum, a muscular tube connected to the end of the colon. It is characterized by the development of one or more open sores, or ulcers, in the rectum. The condition is often associated with chronic constipation and can cause rectal bleeding and straining during bowel movements.
Somatic symptom disorder is a complex and debilitating condition that affects an individual's mental and physical well-being. It is characterized by an excessive focus on physical symptoms, such as pain or fatigue, which can lead to significant emotional distress and problems functioning in daily life.
A sore throat is a common and uncomfortable condition that can affect anyone, regardless of age or health status. It is characterized by pain, scratchiness, or irritation in the throat that often worsens when swallowing. The most common cause of a sore throat is a viral infection, such as a cold or the flu. However, there are other less common causes of sore throat that may require more complex treatment.
Specific phobias are intense, irrational fears that can significantly impact a person's daily life. Unlike common fears or anxieties, specific phobias are long-lasting and can cause physical, mental, and emotional distress. Despite their potential to disrupt daily life, specific phobias are treatable, and with the right therapy, it is possible to overcome them.
A spermatocele is a rare, non-cancerous condition that affects the epididymis, a small, coiled tube located on the upper testicle. It is characterized by the development of an abnormal sac, or cyst, that fills with milky or clear fluid and may contain sperm. Despite its benign nature, a spermatocele can cause discomfort and distress, especially if it grows in size or becomes inflamed.
Spider bites are a common concern for many people, but the truth is that most spider bites are harmless and rarely cause significant harm. In this article, we'll explore the types of spider bites, their causes, risk factors, symptoms, prevention, complications, diagnosis, and treatment options.